Materials & Safety

Materials

Companion robots typically use silicone or thermoplastic elastomer, known as TPE, for their outer surfaces. Silicone is generally less porous, more heat-resistant and easier to clean, while TPE is usually softer and less expensive but needs more careful upkeep. Ask the maker to name the exact material, confirm that it is free from phthalates and other harmful additives, and say whether it meets recognised safety standards. Be cautious with listings that describe materials only in vague terms.

Hygiene and care

Follow the maker's cleaning instructions exactly, since the wrong products can damage some materials. Ask which cleaning agents are recommended, which parts are removable or washable, how components should be dried and how the product should be stored to avoid dust and damage. Regular inspection for wear, tears or discolouration helps you spot when a part needs replacing. Check whether replacement parts are available, and for how long, before you buy.

Electrical and mechanical safety

Robotic models add motors, batteries, heating elements and charging systems, which bring the same safety questions as any powered appliance. Look for recognised electrical safety markings for your region, ask what battery type is used and how it is protected against overheating, and follow charging guidance closely. Moving parts should have sensible force limits and an easy way to stop. Heavy products also need safe lifting and stable storage to avoid strain or injury.

Sources and further reading

• Directive 2014/35/EU, the Low Voltage Directive — European Union (EUR-Lex).
  EU safety rules for electrical equipment within set voltage limits, which cover mains chargers and adapters.
• Regulation (EU) 2023/988 on general product safety — European Union (EUR-Lex).
  EU rules requiring consumer products to be safe, with duties on makers, importers and online sellers.
• Commission Regulation (EU) 2018/2005 restricting phthalates under REACH — European Union (EUR-Lex).
  EU restriction on four phthalates (DEHP, DBP, BBP and DIBP) in plasticised materials in consumer articles.

Common questions

Is silicone or TPE better?

Neither suits everyone. Silicone is generally easier to clean and more durable; TPE is often softer and lower in price but asks for more careful maintenance.

What safety markings should I look for?

Look for the recognised electrical safety and conformity marks used where you live, and ask the maker for documentation if a listing doesn't show them.